ملخص (الفصل الثاني – الثالث) علوم منهج إنجليزي صف رابع فصل ثالث
Lesson Summary
A molecule is a particle of matter that is made up of more than one smaller particles joined together
a. Dissolve- Substances mix together
b. Surface Tension- This is like a skin on water that allows insects to walk on water
c. Cohesion- Water is together. The molecules are together
d. Capillary Action- Water moves through our and plants
Water has 3 states- Solid, liquid and gas
Another word for gas is water
Physical change - BEGINS and ENDS with the SAME type Of matter. Example, clay. We can cut it. shape it, flatten it and it still remains as clay
Real world changes- A newly tmaght car. Within time, it gets old, rusty, and dented. The physical appearance (looks) change
Matter changes its state. Example, solid to liquid (ice to water). Liquid changes to solid (water to ice)
Melting - Solid changes to a liquid (ice to water) Mixture - two or more tygkS of matter that are mixed but keep its original properties e.g. a salad
Solution - A mixture in which one or more types of matter are mixed evenly in another kind e.g. lemonade, juice
Chemical Change : Begins when one type of matter ends with another of matter
Example is bread. We mix flour , milk, eggs together , bake it and it turns into bread
Another example is fire. We need wood and matches to make a fire burn
ENERGY iS the ABILITY TO DO SOMETHING. (TO do anything). Energy is all around us. It takes energy to cook , talk, walk , drive to etc
We get different kinds Of energy - We have learnt in class HEAT, LIGHT, MOTION
HEAT : Transfer thermal energy from one object to another. Example , the Sun making me hot when I stand outside
How is heat
Heat ALWAYS moves from a warmer to a cooler object. Example, a warm Object cools as it transfers heat. at the picture Of the toaster
• Temperature : Describes the HOTNESS or COOLNESS of an Object
we measure temperature With a THERMOMETER
As a thermometer warms, the liquid moves faster and RISES (up)
- As a thermometer the liquW to the (down)
- We measure temperature in CELCIUS (C)
• How heat
CONDUCTION : heat travel when 2 OBJECTS are TOUCHING (a on a stove) heat is transferred through LIQUIDS or GASES. a pot Of water, the water at the bottom will heat first
RADIATION : heat that travels through space / air. (fire burning and he Sun shining on earth)
INSULATOR : Does NOT transfer heat very well. Does not have electric heat
Example. juket. gloves
Transfers Heat VERY quickly. Has an electric heat. Example , metal is a example (pots)
CHAPTER 8 LESSON SUMMARY LESSON 6 MAGNETISM AND ELECTRICITY
• What magnet
Magnets PIJLL each other Magnets repel (push away) from each other
Magnetic Poles
All magnets have two poles. A NORTH pole and a SOUTH pole Opposites attract- North will attract south Like DO NOT ATTRACT - South and South will not attract , north and north will not attract
What are An area of magnetic force around a magnet
south are broucht •.caether Earth's Magnetic Field
Some of the inside of Earth is made up of iron. This iron creates a magnetic field that surrounds earth
What is an electromagnet
It is a coil of wire wrapped around a metal core such as iron
Electric Motors- What is a
A generator chanqes mechanical energy into electrical energy
• Alternating Current. - Flows in one
direction and flows out in the direction yoltaqe- is the strength of power source. It
is usually measured in volts
Transformer * — Changes the vol * of electrical current
Compass - A tmi used to show direction. It has NORTH, SOUTH, WEST and EAST
Summary
Stars and Constellations
STARS are made up Of hot gases
stars give off LIGHT and HEAT
The only star you can SEE in the day is the SUN. The Sun is the CLOSEST star to the Earth , that is why it looks bigger and brighter
The Sun is 150 million km from the Earth Stars have different colors. Why ? Because of it's Temperature
HOT stars- White and Blue
Stars - Red and orange
A light year is the distance light travels in one year
Stars are found in LARGE groups called GALAXIES
ANDROMEDA Galaxy is shaped like a spiral
A Milky way has billions Of Other stars
CONSTELLATIONS- A group of stars that make a pattern or shape or design in the sky
people named constellation by what picture they saw in the sky
Today , there are 88 constellations Constellations can used to find direction at night Star charts and help you to each Star
The Sun is made up Of GAS. The Sun is a big The Sun gives light and heat
NEVER direct * into the Sun. It can damage your eyes
Always wear Sunscreen to protect your skin
DRACO