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Earth's Temperatures

The world is now warmer than at almost any time since the end of the last ice age and, on present trends
will continue to reach a record high for the entire period since the dawn of civilisation, a study has found
The study published in the journal Science, aims to give a global overview of Earth's temperatures over the
past 11,300 years - a relatively balmy period known as the Holocene that began after the last major ice age
ended and encompasses all of recorded human civilization.
Their data (compiled by studying such things as ice cores, fossils and ocean sentiment) looked back over a
much longer era than previous research, which went back 1,500 years.
Scientists say it is further evidence that modern-day global warming isn't natural, but the result of rising
carbon dioxide emissions that have rapidly grown since the Industrial Revolution began roughly 250 years
ago. Scientists say that if natural factors were still governing the climate, the Northern Hemisphere would
probably be destined to freeze over again in several thousand years. Instead, scientists believe the
enormous increase in greenhouse gases caused by industrialization will almost certainly prevent that.
Shaun Marcott, a geologist at Oregon State University, says "global temperatures are warmer than about
75 percent of anything we've seen over the last 11,000 years or so." The other way to look at that is, 25
percent of the time since the last ice age, it's been warmer than now.
It's taken just 100 years for the average temperature to change by 1.3 degrees, when it took 5,000 years to
do that before. By the end of the century, climate warming models predict an additional increase of 2 to
11.5 degrees, due largely to carbon emissions, the study noted


Now answer these questions


:'Dawn' in this text means
Earth
Sunrise
Beginning
Heat
: 'Balmy' means
Cold
Hot
Warm
Cool
 True or false: this study looks at a longer than usual time-period
True
False

: The Earth's temperature has increased quickly since
1,500 years ago
The Holocene
The Northern Hemisphere
The Industrial Revolution
: 'Prevent' means
Complete
Stop
Slow
Encourage
 True or false: Scientist predict the earth will freeze over because of increased greenhouse gases
True
False
 True or false: The temperature will increase by 1.3 degrees in the next 100 years
True
False
This article could be described as a ___ look at the future
Optimistic
Pessimistic

 

Section 1
Choose the best word or phrase (a, b, c or d) to fill each blank
(1) Roberta _____ from The United States
a) are
b) is
c) am
d) be
(2)? What’s _____ name
a) -
b) his
c) him
d) he
(3) My friend _____ in London
a) living
b) live
c) lives
d) is live
(4)?  _____Where 
a) works Tom
b) Tom works
c) Tom does work
d) does Tom work
(5) I _____ coffee
a) no like
b) not like
c) like don’t

(6) ‘_____ to Australia, Ginny?’ ‘Yes, two years age
a) Did you ever go
b) Do you ever go
c) Have you ever been
d) Are you ever going

(7) Tokyo is _____ city I’ve ever lived in
a) the most big
b) the bigger
c) the biggest
d) the more big
(8) A vegetarian is someone _____ doesn’t eat meat
a) who
b) what
c) which
d) whose
(9) _____ these days
a) I never a newspaper buy
b) I never buy a newspaper
c) I buy never a newspaper
d) Never I buy a newspaper
(10) I _____ watch TV tonight
a) am
b) go to
c) going to
d) am going to
(11) I wish I _____ more money
a) have
b) had
c) would have
d) was having
(12) _____ be famous one day
a) Would you like
b) Would you like to
c) Do you like
d) Do you like to


Section 2


Choose the best word or phrase (a, b, c or d) to fill each blank
(13) It’s my birthday _____ Friday
a) on
b) in
c) at
d) by
(14) I _____ eighteen years old
a) am
b) have
c) have got

(15) I _____ a headache
a) am
b) do
c) have
d) got
(16) Do you _____ a uniform at your school
a) carry
b) wear
c) use
d) hold
(17) _____‘What time is it?’ ‘I have no 
a) idea
b) opinion
c) answer
d) time
(18) _____The meal was very expensive. Look at the 
a) ticket
b) receipt
c) invoice
d) bill
(19) How many _____ of trousers have you got
a) items
b) pairs
c) sets
d) times
(20) _____Joel came back from his holiday in Brazil looking really
a) tanned
b) sunned
c) coloured
d) darkened


Section 3


Choose the best word or phrase (a, b, c or d) to fill each blank
(21) Harry can _____ English
a) to speak
b) speaking
c) speak
d) speaks

(22) I’m not interested _____ sports
a) for
b) about
c) in
d) to
(23) She likes _____ expensive clothes
a) wearing
b) to wearing
c) wear
d) is wearing
(24) Harry _____ his father’s car when the accident happened
a) was driving
b) drove
c) had driven
d) has been driving
(25) I was wondering _____ tell me when the next plane from Chicago arrives
a) could you
b) can you
c) if you could
d) if could you
(26) If I _____ him, I would have spoken to him, wouldn’t I
a) saw
b) had seen
c) have seen
d) would have seen
(27) _____ I like your hair. Where
a) do you have cut
b) have you cut it
c) do you have cut it
d) do you have it cut
(28) I think Joey must _____ late tonight. His office light is still on
a) have worked
b) work
c) be working
d) to work
(29) John tells me Jack’s going out with Helen, _____ I find hard to believe

a) which
b) who
c) whose
d) that

(30) What _____ this weekend, Lance
a) will you do
b) are you doing
c) will you have done
d) do you do
(31) The weather has been awful. We’ve had very _____ sunshine this summer
a) little
b) a little
c) few
d) a few
(32) _____.Did you hear what happened to Kate? She 
a) is arrested
b) arrested
c) has been arrested
d) is being arrested


Section 4


Choose the best word or phrase (a, b, c or d) to fill each blank
(33) I usually _____ up at about 7.30
a) go
b) be
c) do
d) get
(34) I _____ football every week
a) play
b) go
c) do
d) have
(35) My sister _____ the cooking in our house
a) does
b) makes
c) cooks
d) takes
(36) Don’t forget to _____ the light when you leave the room
a) turn up

b) turn in
c) turn off
d) turn over

(37) She was in _____ when she heard the tragic news
a) crying
b) tears
c) cries
d) tearful
(38) He _____ that he hadn’t stolen the computer, but no one believed him
a) reassured
b) informed
c) insisted
d) persuaded
(39) Could you _____ me that book for a couple of days, please
a) lend
b) owe
c) borrow
d) rent
(40) Greg is _____ a lot of time at Yvonne’s house these days
a) taking
b) spending
c) having
d) doing

Section 5


Choose the best word or phrase (a, b, c or d) to fill each blank
(41) Who _____ in that house
a) does live
b) lives
c) does he live
d) he lives
(42) I’ll call you when I _____ home
a) get
b) ’ll get
c) ’ll have got

(43) If you _____ me, what would you do
a) was
b) would be
c) were
d) have been

(44) I don’t know where _____ last night
a) did he go
b) he did go
c) went he
d) he went
(45) _____John and Betty are coming to visit us tomorrow but I wish
a) they won’t
b) they hadn’t
c) they didn’t
d) they weren’t
(46) I’m so hungry! If only Bill _____ all the food in the fridge
a) wasn’t eating
b) didn’t eat
c) hadn’t eaten
d) hasn’t eaten

Writing
write an essay on ONE of the following topics
1. Explain two ways that unusual type of transportation has changed urban life
2. Argue that people should not be allowed to marry until they are more than thirty years old

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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