مراجعة هامة هيكل امتحان العلوم الصف السادس INSPIRE الفصل الثالث 2022 2023
The unique characteristics like hair color or heiqht are called traits
a trait appears. or is expressed, is the trait's phenotype . Trats such as eye color have many different types , but same cseoc traits have only two types
What do you think determin PISpes of traits you have
I think that my from my family. I look like my parents because they share%me of my characteristics
Heredity, the passing of traits from parents to offspring. is complex Alshawamkeh
Reappearing Traits Page 13
even though both parents had purple flowers. The results were similar each time Mendel cross-pollinated two purple -flowering hybrid p ants. The trait that had Mendel counted and recorded the traits Of Offsp Seed from many experiments in which he cross- ed hybrid plants. Data from these experire shown below
What patterns do you notice in Mendel's data
In each comparison, one trait is approximately three times more often then others Alshawamkeh *hool-Science department
What controls traits
Scientists discovered that inside each cell is a structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes contain genetic information that controls traits Each cell in offspring contains chromosomes from both pareue
Three-Dimensional Thinking
A tree produces seeds in pods when wind-borne pollen from another tree of the same species reaches the flowers. Each seed contains genetic information so the seed can grow into an adult tree. Which do you predict would be the effect of this process
The tree produces a large number of genetically diverse offspring
The tree produces a large number of genetically identical offspring
The tree produces a small number of offspring that are identical to the female parent
The tree produces a small number of offspring that are identical to the male parent
Alshawamkeh EhtXl- Science department Hydras are organisms that live in freshwater environments. They have a tubelike body and a mouth at one end. Around the mouth are stinging tentacles that help to capture food. Depending on the conditions. hydras can reproduce sexually or asexually
Based on your observations, which statement best explains what is happening to the hydra in the figure above
The hydra is reproducing asexually by budding a new hydra
The hydra is reproducing asexually by splitting in two
The hydra is reproducing sexually by grafting to another hydra
The hydra is reproducing sexually by releasing sex cells into the water
The Spider
Norman Platnick is sites by all spider, These are just two of the over 1,800 species he's discovered worldwide
How does Platnickidentify new species ? the pedi 9Bvery spider has but they size Pedipalps look like legs but fun ti 0 antennae and mouthparts reproduction
Getting Ready Wha male spider is ready to mate, he places a drop of sperm onto a sheet of silk he constructs. Then he dips his pedipalps into the drop to draw up the sperm
The Spider Finding a Mate : by sensing certain
chemicals she releases
Courting and Mating : with a special danceor present a female with a gift, such as a fly wrappec be in silk the male uses
During mating the male after matggome are eaten by the female =while others move on find new mates
Alshawamkeh School- Science department
Word Bank
chemicals species offspring genes
. How does a male spider find a mate ? Sample response: Male spiders find mates by sensing certain chemicals released by the females. They also find mates by touch.
. There are more than 40,000 known species of spiders. How does sexual reproduction lead to genetic variation? Sample response: Spiders reproduce sexually, so each offspring has a new and unique combination of qenes. With each generation, there is more genetic variation in the population, which leads to species diversity Alshawamkeh School-Science department
.What is an innate behavior
a behavior that is inherited rather than learned
2, What is a learned behavior
a behavior that develops through experience or practice
3. What is a benefit of innate behavior
young animals know how to do innate as they are born, so they can protect th them survive even if the animals are ve or no other animals are around to teach
4. What is a benefited behavior
learned behavior allo for animals to adapt to
unique environments or situations Alshawamkeh School- Science departrnent
In order to attract a mate. male peacocks fan out their colorful feathers and dance. Females tend to choose males that have larger displays of feathers and feathers with more eyespots. The peahen then builds her nest by scraping a hole in the ground in a hidden area. Once the chicks hatch. the peahen Stays close to them, teaching them what foods to eat and defending them from predators
. Which of the following is a courtship behavior that increases the probability of successful reproduction for the peacock
fanning feathers
nest building
protecting from predators
all of the above
Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor that would the hamsters' growth
A the amount Of food the hamster is given
Fill in the Blank
Complete the text. Use the words below
fertilization transport
Since plants are anchored into the ground and cannot usually move, they must come fertilization up with ways to increase the probability of (1) transport reproduce through seeds. One way plants (2) Many plants their seeds is through wind. Another method of plant reproduction is through pollination, where (3) grains of pollen are carried from one plant to another. Some plants are seedless, so they use (4) Alshawamkeh School- Science department
rue or a se spores for reproducing
Indicate if the following statements are true or false. If they are false. explain why
Example: Flowering plants usually use spores to reproduce
False. They usually use seeds
1. Fish often inhabit deserts
False. Fish live in water, which is not usually found in deserts
. I can use my nose to detect if someone is brewing coffee
True
. TWO stamens must come together in plants in order to carry out fertilization
False. Pollen must join with an egg in order to carry out fertilization
. Another word for transport is carry
True
How does a growing population impact Earth
Scientists estimate that there were about 300 million humans on Earth a thousand years ago
Today there are more than 7 billion humans on Earth, as shown iBkthe graph below
By 2050. there could be more 9 billio
natural resources often increases a A natural resource is somethi Earth that living things use to heir needs
Natural resources food clean water and shelter
Land is a resource Alshawamkeh School-Science department Impact of Deforestation
Page 14
A significant amount of forests have been reduced globally As human population increases, more resources from trees are needed and more deforestation occurs
In tropical rain forests, deforestation is a serious prScientists estimate that 50 percent of all the peats on Earth live in tropical rain forests. Deforestatige gtroys habitats, which can lead to species' extinq800
Deforestation also can Plant roots hold soil in
place. Without these al anchors, soil erodes
In addition, defoéShtion affects air qualitv. Remember that when trees undergo photosynthesis, they remove carbon dioxide from the air. When there are fewer trees on department
The Last Frontier Forests
Connection ENVIRONMENTAL
Next, research how cutting old growth forests of North America's Pacific Northwest impacts the northern spotted owl and ultimately the biodiversity and of this natural system. Record your findings be
Answer : Humans are cutting down forests
ources More resources are needed as down
forests results in the destruc habitats. If a species depends on a certain environment uccessfully, and that environment is destroyed, the specibX will not flourish. This results in a decline of the species and throws off the balance of the ecosystem
Landfills and Hazardous Waste
Land is also used when garbage is thrown away in landfills
The majority of our garbage goes into landfills
This includes some dangerous wastes About 34 percent of trash is recycled and composted
About 11 percent is burnedThe remaining Landfills are areas wh+Vash is buried
Special liners help prevent pollutants from leakinq into soil and qroundwater supplies
When landfills fill with trash, new ones must be built
Locating an acceptable area to build a landfill can be difficult Alshawamkeh School-Science department Hazardous Waste
Some trash cannot be placed in landfills because it contains harmful substances that can affect soil, air, and water quality. This trash is called hazardous waste
The substances in hazardous waste glesean
affect the health of humans and other livin or an
Industries and househol erate hazardous waste
Hazardous wastefrgo e medical industry includes used needles and bandaqes Household hazardous waste includes used motor oil and batteries
Which is NOT a negative consequence of clearing land during deforestation
O A) increase in the number of endangered species
O B) increase in the amount of photosynthesis
O C) increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
O D) increase in the chance of flooding in an area
Correct Answer
B) increase in the amount of photosynthesis
3) Which describes an effect of recycling
O A) Recycling increases land usa
O B) Recycling decreases land
O C) Recycling increases pollution
O D) Recycling stops land from used
Correct Answer
B) Recycling decreases land usage
6) A new law requires that all newspapers in the nation to use recycled paper. This law will
mean that 50O.OOO trees each week will be saved. Which this law's impact on the nation's forests
C) A) negative: the amount Of carbon dioxide in the air will decreas
O B) negative: the amount of soil in the area will decrease
O C) positive: the amount of erosion will increase
O D) biodiversity will increase
A group of students designs a model landfill. The purpose of the design is to keep as much liquid as possible in the landfill. Which best describes a step the students should do as they plan their model
O A) They should decide what kind of liquid to pour on the model
O B) They should compare their model with another group's
O C) They should decide how to collect the liquid that runs out of the model
O D) They should see how many landfills there are in the United States
Correct Answer
C) They should decide how to collect the liquid that runs out of the model.
Composting means piling up grass and leaves so they can be allowed to gradually decompose. Which describes an impact that composting has on land
O A) a decrease in the amount of plastics recycled
O B) a decrease in the amount of land used for landfills
O C) a decrease in the amount of groundwater in an area
O D) a decrease in the amount of land used for farming
Correct Answer
B) a decrease in the amount of land used for landfills
Which describes a step people can take to help minimize the effects of using land for agriculture
O A) use more land for farms
O B) increase the number of different pesticides used
O C) remove crops quickly to increase erosion of soil
O D) plant crops that attract many different kinds of insects
Correct Answer
D) plant crops that attract many different kinds Of insects
How do humans use water
As the human population increases, so does the impact on water
Humans use water in ways that other organisms do not
People wash cars, do laundry, and use water for agriculture, recreation, and transportation
The graph below shows some ways that se water
The water is electricity and to cool equipment
The use of water as a resource impacts the
environment in many different ways
Case Stud : The Aral Sea
Ultimately, he loss of the Aral Sea altered the
regional climate and led to many health an economic problems/ The human modifications to this natural system produced severe environmental consequences
1) Which of the following causes air pollution
O A) volcanic eruptions
O B) buming of fossil fuels
O C) forest fires
O D) all of the above
Correct Answer D) all of the above
Decreasing the use of fossil fuels like coal and oil will decrease all of the forms of air pollution except
O A) particulate matter
O B) photochemical smog
C) C) acid precipitation
O D) CFCs
Correct Answer D) CFCs